Water tube boiler



July 21, 1931.

J. B. AMOKENNA 1,815,377

WATER TUBE BOILER Filed April 3. 1928 [N VENTOR Patented July 21, 1931 PATENT Fries JOHN BERNARD MCKEN'NA, 015 LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA WATER TUBE BOILER Application filed April 8, 1928. Serial No. 267,101.

In this specification and the accompanying drawings, I shall describe and show a pre ferred form of my invention, and specifically mention certain of its more important objects. I do not limit myself to the forms disclosed, since various changes and adaptations may be made therein without departing from the essence of my invention as hereinafter claimed, and objects and advantages cther than those specifically mentioned are included within its scope.

This invention relates to improvements in boilers, such improvements may be for example, applied to boilers of'the kind and nature which are commonly employed in pressing establishments, wash racks, house heaters and the like.

Its objects are plural.

The principal object is to provide a boiler which is easy to be kept clean. In accomplishing this object, I eliminate scale which is a poor conductor of heat and consequently decreases the efiiciency of the boiler. When left to accumulate, it impairs circulation and if the pipes are not occasionally renewed,

their rupture is liable to occur.

As a result of this accomplishment the life of my boiler is five times that of the ordinary type boiler.

Another principal object is to provide a quick steamer, and one which uses only about half the fuel ordinarily consumed. Owing to all the seams and joints in my improved boiler being outside of the heating chamber, there is less danger of injuring it from the water getting low.

There is always steam in the boiler shell as the water circulates in and out of the boiler through the heating chamber, mud drum and back again.

A further object is to provide a water tube boiler having the novel construction design and arrangement of parts hereinafter clescribed and illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein by reference thereto we find:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a water tube boiler embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary right hand end elevation of the structure shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a plan view taken on the line 8-3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a left hand end elevation of the structure shown in Fig. 1, and additionally illustrating how itis supported by the frame 5 work shown in F ig. 5, and

Fig. 5 is a perspective View of a frame support for the boiler.

The structure comprises a boiler shell-1, preferably of cylindrical shape having riveted thereto a concave end 2, and a convex end 3. These form with the shell 1, a combincd water and steam chamber 4.

The water 5 in said chamber preferably I occupies about one half the capacity of the shell and the water gauge 5 is for maintaining this level.

The water 5 is supplied to the boiler shell from any adequate source of supply, it being subjected to several difierent stages'of heat treatment during its circulation within the heating chamber 6.

These separate stages of heat treatment are connected as a whole and provide a circuitous system. Within the system is a mud drum 16, wherein any foreign matter result ing from the initial to final stages of heating, accumulates.

Assuming that there is noheat in the combustion chamber and that it is desired to feed water into the boiler, the water '5'initially enters the heating chamber 6 through a. preheater coil 7. The preheater coil is adapted for connection with a main source of supply by a union 7. After circulating through the preheater coil -7 it passes through an L into pipe 8, thence through a T 8 into pipe 9. From pipe 9 the water flows into a cross fitting 10 from whence the major portion of the water gravitates to pipe, 14, flowing therethrough to the mud drum, and from there goes to the boiler through the .various pipes connecting with the mud drum later to be described.

After heat is applied to the different tubes the water from the preheater coil 7 on entering the cross fitting 10 circulates upwardly through pipe 11 and also forwardly and somewhat downwardly into pipe 15 where it is subjected to heat all at the sametime.

The cross fitting 13 unites pipe 12 with pipe l t, the latter circulating the water through the heating chamber into the mud drum, the circulationcausedbyadditionof heat tendin to aid the circulation caused by the feeding or water. The water which is fed to the mud drum through the center circuit together with that which enters the mud drum from the boiler through pipes 18 and 19, enters the lower circuit from the mud drum as the water in the lower circuit is generated into steam and is forced upwardly through the up flow tubes in the front of the boiler against the tendency of the downward circulation of the water from the boiler.

It is therefore evident that the constant current of steam leaving the lower circuit tends to carry the water from the mud drum with it and the water coming on from behind it becomes warmer and hotter as it travels along the tubes and enters the up How tubes.

l /hon water is not being fed into the boiler the steam generated in the middle and lower circuit is forced upwardly into the up flow tubes into the front of the boiler. There is a down flow from the boiler through pipes 18 and 19 into the mud drum. Water from the mud drum flows behind the steam in the lower circuit as it is forced upwardly. T he combustion being regulated so that the trailing water will be sufficient to keep these tubes, as well as those of the middle circuit, from burning and the fact that the tubes of the lower and middle circuit are slightly pitched, will permit the current of steam to pass the current of water without interference. v

In the two circuits composed of pipes 12, 15219 14, and 12 15 19, 14:, the water circulates from the boiler through pipesll and 11 into said respective circuits, the circulation being similar in both, for brevity only one being described.

The water from the boiler circulates thru pipe 11 toT 1O where it is directed into pipes 15 and 12, from 15 thru 19 to mud drum, and from 12 through T 13 into 14 and then into the mud drum.

The circulation caused by addition of heat tends to oppose this circulation of the water together with the cross flow from the initially fed water through the drum hereinbefore referred to.

This retardation aids in segregating the heavier substances held in suspension, and the inclusion of the pipes 15 and 14 causes them to finally gravitate to the mud drum.

Here is also segregated the deposit or crust which is apt to be formed from the water as it is initially heated in the preheater coil during its first stage of heat treatment. The

pipe 14 is slightly dipped the same as pipe 15 and is tapped directly into the mud drum. Pipe 15, however, does not lead directly into the mud drum, but terminates within crossfitting 17. From this point the water not only circulates into the mud drum but a portion also circulates upwardly through pipe 18, l. 20 and pipe 21 into boiler shell as previously pointed out.

The pipes 14 and 15 slightly pitched so that the heavy foreign substances which may be produced fr in the heating of the water will be directed into the mud drum 16.

These heavier substances are later blown out from the mud drum through a blow off cool: 22, by steam supplied from the steam chamber l through pipe line A valve 24 is provided in the oipe line 23 for admitting steam in the line whereby to clean and blow out hie mud drum.

In addition to the system of circulation herein before described are two additional pipe lines pr viding circulation leading from l e convex end of the boiler shell through the heating chamber and into the mud drum.

There are pipes 11 and 11 to the right and left of pipe 11 as shown in Fig. i, and parallel therewith.

These pipes connect with branch fittings 10 and 10 and connecting with said fittings 10 and 10 are pipes 15 and 15 and 12 and 12". 15 lead through the heatinc pipes 15 and ing chamber and are parallel with pipe 15. ,9 into branch fittings 1? and lnev tel 17 T n gs 17 and 17" are connected j 0 L'ix" pipes 19 and 19". The latter described-pipes are screwed in o the mud drum-and in addition to circula ing the water for heat treatmentcarry any suspended foreign substances. from the boiler later to be segregated in the mud drum.

The pipes 12 and 12" herein before referred to are connected to branch fittings 13 and 13 through which water circulates into pipes 14: and re. The latter pipes like 14 are parallel with 15, 15 and 15 are also slightly pitc ied, and like 1 1': are screwed directly into the mud drum.

"lllClplQ of cross flow of the initially heated X- ater and the water circulating through the boiler, through the heating chamber and the mud drum, not only segregates the scale and impurities from the water but aids in producing complete intermixing of both hot and cold water which results in a most effective steaming.

All the fittings connecting with the slightitched horizontal flow pipes are provided plugs so that the pipes may be easily blown out. Likewise the (301i pipe 7 can be easily detached. blown out and cleaned.

To the boiler shel is supplied the usual appurtenances co-nsis ing of a gauge 25 and apon valve A steam pressure of ponnos is nsna maintained in the boiler and the steam from the steam chamber l is supplied through a pipe 2? and a valve 28.

The heatin g chamber is formed by bending a heat 1' ing 111; rial such as asbestos and reinforcing it on the bottom and top side Lin with a sheet metal covering 34 and 35 diagrammatically shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4; and indicated by the numerals 29 at the same time closing the ends thereof with a like material. It will set about six inches above the floor level as shown in Fig. 4, will completely encircle the boiler shell al owing circulation of heat between it and the shell and will be provided with a vent pipe 30. Heat to the heating chamber 29 will be supplied through a burner 31 as shown in Fig. 1, and in the instant case is illustrated though not essential, the embodiment of a gas burner.

In Fi 5, I show a frame work 82 support ing the boiler and in the application of this supportingstructure diagrammatically shown in Fig. 4: is also indicated diagrammatically the hood covering 29.

All joints around the pipes are carefully closed in order to eliminate the escape of any fumes or gas other than that intended to pass out of vent pipe 30 supplied for that purpose.

From the foregoing it is evident that I a have contrived a continuous circuit for a body of liquid, which circuit includes sepa rate stages of heat treatment of the liquid, and as a result of the construction it will be obvious that the repeated circulation of the same liquid in the heating circuit after it has passed through the initial stage of heat treatment will preclude the possibility of the formation of a scale, crust or other deposit in the heating circuit which would interfere with the efficiency of the boiler.

The small amount of deposit or crust which mi ht be formed from the water originally supplied in the first stage of heat treatment will be segregated in the mud drum and any imperceptible amount after the initial deposit in the mud drum will be suspended and though it is carried to the boiler shell it will again be carried through the circulation system and finally deposited in the mud drum where the steam introduced through the clean out pipe 23 will agitate this sediment collecting in the mud drum and will be blown out through the blow out cock.

I claim: 7

1. A combined liquid heat treatment and purification means, comprising a boiler, in combination with a heating chamber applied thereto, a preheater coil for conducting a liquid within said heating chamber to be initially heated therein, a cross-fitting, a pipe leading upwardly from said cross-fitting into said boiler, a pipe leading forwardly and somewhat downwardly from said cross-fitting, and extending through said heating chamber, a mud drum, a pipe and a cross-fitting uniting said second named pipe with said boiler and said mud drum, a pipe lead-v ing downwardly from first said cross-fitting and extending through said heating chamher and terminating in said mud drum.

2; A combined liquid heat treatment and purification means comprising a water and steamudrum, in combination with a heating chamber adapted to be applied thereto,-a preheater coil for circulating a liquid within said chamber to .be initially heated therein, across-fitting, a pipe extending upwardly. fromsaid cross-fitting connecting with the water space of said drum, a pipe extending-- downwardly from said cross fitting and a pipe extending forwardly, and somewhat downwardly from said cross-fitting; a mud drum, a pipe line connecting with the water portion of said water and steam drum and said mud drum providing a circuitin, which last said pipe is included, a cross-pipe connecting with second said pipe and said mud drum, all of said pipes providing means for circulating the-water from said cross-fitting through said heating chamber,-from said preheater coil at-the sametime, and a separate pipe circuit extending thru, said heating chamberconnecting with the water portion of said water andsteam drum and said mud drum.-,

3. .In combination, a boiler constituting a water and steam reservoir, a heating chamber substantially. enclosing the peripheral portion of said boiler, a conduit circuitously;

arranged in said heating chamber and'comprising an initial circuit in'which water is adapted to c rculate and be heated, a second circuit in which said heated water circulates and is further heated, a mud drum-in said second circuit, said mud drum being adapted to collect the deposit from the initial heating of said liquid, said initiallyheated water being further adapted to circulate through a third circuit in which said boiler isincluded to be still furtherheated, said water circulating. through saidboiler being still further adapted .to intermingle by circulation with said second ci'rcuit,separate means connect-- ingthe water space ofsaid boilerwith said mud drumgf for again re-circulatingv .said water through said heating chamberiand saidmud drum to be still further heated thereby.- and means connecting the steam space of said boiler and said mud drum.- A, In a device of-the class described, a fireboX, a boiler located in the upper :portion of, saidfilQ-box and having its end-portions pro jecting beyond opposite sides of said fire-box, a burner in the lower portion of said fire-box,

a pre-heating coil within said fire-box through which all the water supplied to said boiler is first circulated, a divided conduit leading from the terminus of said pre-heating coil to different portions of said boiler, a sediment chamber, a conduit connecting one of thedivisions of said divided conduit in circuit with said sediment chamber, a conduit also connecting the terminus of said preheating coil with said sediment chamber, the

last two recited conduits being adapted to segregatelthe deposit stormed fromlthe-original heating ofs'aid water in said-pre-heate-r coiland an independent conduit-connecting the water portion of said boiler with said" sediment chamber for segregating therein the deposit formed by further heating: said water'in said boiler, all conduit" connections with said boiler b'eing led to its end'po-rtion's Evhich project beyond the: walls ofsaid fire- 5; In combination, a boiler constituting a water and steam reservoir, a' heating' chain'- ber substantially enclosing the peripheral portion of said boiler, a conduit arranged in said heating chamber and comprising an initialcircuit in which water is a'daptedto circulate and be heated, a second circuit positioned toreceive the water from said initial circuit and in which said heated water circu lates and is further heated and from"which it is conducted to' said boiler, additional con du'it means'to conduct water back from saidboi-ler'into a'portionof the" conduit forming said second circuit, a mud drum in said second circuit, separate means to recirculate the water'back; from said boilerthru said heating-chamber to said mud drum, and valve controlled conduitmeans in communication with the steam-space of said boiler and-said mud drum. p

6, A combined liquid heat treatmentand purification means comprising a water and steam drum, in combination with a heating chamber applied thereto a cross-fitting, a pipe extending upwardly from said cr0ssfitting connecting with the water space of said drum, apipe extending downwardly from said cross-fitting and a pipe extending forwardly and somewhat 1 downwardly from sa-idcross-fitting; amud drum, a pipe line connecting the water portion of said water and steam drum and said mud drum and providing acircuit in which last said pipe is included, cross-pipe connecting second said pipe and said mud drum, all of'said pipe providing means for circulating a liquid from said cross-fitting through saidheating chain'- ber at the same time, and-aseparate pipe circuit extending through said h-eati'ng'chamber connecting the water portion of said waterand steam drum and said mud driumx JOHN BERNARD MoKEN NA'.

Larissa? 

